How to Treat Thalassemia Disease

Thalassemia is a genetic disorder that affects the production of hemoglobin, the protein that carries oxygen in red blood cells.

For people with thalassemia, managing symptoms and preventing complications is a priority.

The following is a guide on how to treat thalassemia:

1. Proper diagnosis

Patients with thalassemia must undergo a series of blood tests and an accurate diagnosis by a specialist, such as a hematologist or geneticist. Tests include a complete blood count, hemoglobin electrophoresis, and DNA analysis.

2. Blood transfusion treatment

In thalassemia major, regular blood transfusion therapy is necessary. This transfusion aims to increase the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin in the body. However, it is important to monitor and control the amount of iron in the body so that excess iron does not occur which can damage organs.

3. Treatment of red blood cell disorders

Genetically altered red blood cell therapy such as hematopoietic stem cell therapy (HSCT) or gene therapy can be a therapeutic option in some cases of thalassemia. This method can replace damaged red blood cells with healthy cells or correct genetic errors that cause disease.

4. Use of certain drug groups

Doctors can prescribe iron-binding drugs, such as deferasirox, to help reduce the burden of iron in the body. Use of the drug is important because regular blood transfusions can cause excessive iron buildup.

5. Symptomatic treatment

To treat the symptoms of thalassemia, symptomatic treatment can be used. For example, if severe anemia occurs, iron supplements or blood transfusions can help increase the red blood cell count.

6. Prevention of infection

People with thalassemia have a higher risk of infection. Therefore, regular vaccinations and good hygiene practices are essential to prevent infection. Avoid crowds and direct contact with sick people.

7. Supports general health

A healthy lifestyle such as a balanced diet, regular exercise, adequate sleep, and avoiding risk factors such as smoking and alcohol can help maintain general health and reduce the risk of complications from thalassemia.

8. Emotional and social support

Thalassemia sufferers and their families also need emotional and social support. Joining a support group or seeking psychological counseling can help manage stress and deal with challenges associated with this disease.

It is important to note that treatment for thalassemia must be tailored to the conditions and needs of each individual.

Consult with your doctor to get the right and sustainable treatment plan.